Improvement of Performance Parameter of Micro-Strip Patch Antenna Using EBG Structure

Abstract

This article attempts to improved microstrip antenna performance using uniform electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) configuration at 2.45 GHz. EBG implementation is easy to develop as it is without holes configuration. Initially rectangular microstrip antenna is designed at 2.45 GHz. An antenna designed on FR4 substrate that has a dielectric constant (ε_r) 4.4 using HFSS simulation software. Then 2 × 1 array of microstrip patch is designed without EBG used as a reference antenna which gives simulated return loss is -17.98 dB, VSWR 1.28 and directivity 7.34 dB. Then square EBG structure is implemented along feed line and outer edges of patch. Square EBG configuration gives simulated return loss -15.92 dB, simulated VSWR 1.57 and directivity is 7.64 dB. Thus, implementation of EBGs along sides of patches and feed line of 2 x 1 microstrip patch antenna array gives better results than 2 x 1 arrays without EBGs. Hence designed antenna structure is fabricated and tested. Simulation results of array with EBG are compared with results of fabricated antenna array with EBG. The surface wave’s reductions are achieved using EBG. The new approach gives an improvement in directivity. Thus Implementation of square EBG gives better performance.